岛屿质量效应：岛礁区域风力驱动的营养物质上升流研究
The island mass effect: a study of wind-driven nutrient upwelling around reef islands
作者：Jochen Kämpf, Luciana Möller, Ryan Baring, Alex Shute, Courtney Cheesman
期刊：Journal of Oceanography
Using the method of process-oriented modelling, this study explores wind-driven upwelling features around reef islands of the tropical Pacific Ocean. The three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is coupled to a nutrient-phytoplankton (NP) model to simulate the creation of phytoplankton blooms initiated by the wind-driven upwelling of nutrients into the euphotic zone. Findings demonstrate that short-lived wind events of 2–5 days in duration, which are typical of tropical regions, can lead to significant phytoplankton blooms near reef islands. This finding agrees with observational evidence. Comparison studies reveal that the total phytoplankton production increases for higher wind speeds, longer durations of wind events and larger reef islands, and that it decreases with stronger static stability of the pycnocline. Overall, our findings indicate that wind-driven nutrient upwelling supports the ecosystem functioning around larger tropical reef islands.
Figure 1. Schematic illustrating the wind-driven upwelling process around a reef island of diameter D. The wind event creates an offshore Ekman volume transport Uek that is balanced by an upward volume transport over a distance R associated with a vertical upwelling velocity W
通过使用过程导向模型方法，本研究探究了热带太平洋岛礁区域的风生上升流特征。研究将三维水动力模型与营养—浮游植物（NP）模型相耦合，以模拟风生上升流将营养物质带入真光层而引起的浮游植物水华。研究结果表明，持续2-5天的短期风事件（热带地区典型）可导致岛礁附近的浮游植物大量繁殖。这一发现同观察证据相吻合。多项对比研究表明，风速越高、风事件持续时间越长、岛礁面积越大，浮游植物的总生产力就越大，而随着密度跃层静态稳定性增强，其总生产力会下降。总体而言，研究结果表明，风力驱动的营养物质上升流能够支持较大的热带岛礁生态系统运转。
（实习生申奥编译）
