Blooms also like it cold
作者: Kaitlin L. Reinl, Ted D. Harris, Rebecca L. North, Pablo Almela, Stella A. Berger, Mina Bizic, Sarah H. Burnet, Hans-Peter Grossart, Bastiaan W Ibelings, Ellinor Jakobsson, Lesley B. Knoll, Brenda M. Lafrancois, Yvonne McElarney, Ana M. Morales-Williams, Ulrike Obertegger, Igor Ogashawara, Ma Cristina Paule-Mercado, Benjamin L. Peierls, James A. Rusak, Siddhartha Sarkar, Sapna Sharma, Jessica V. Trout-Haney, Pablo Urrutia-Cordero, Jason J. Venkiteswaran, Danielle J. Wain, Katelynn Warner, Gesa A. Weyhenmeyer, Kiyoko Yokota
期刊: Current Evidence
Cyanobacterial blooms have substantial direct and indirect negative impacts on freshwater ecosystems including releasing toxins, blocking light needed by other organisms, and depleting oxygen. There is growing concern over the potential for climate change to promote cyanobacterial blooms, as the positive effects of increasing lake surface temperature on cyanobacterial growth are well documented in the literature; however, there is increasing evidence that cyanobacterial blooms are also being initiated and persisting in relatively cold-water temperatures (< 15°C), including ice-covered conditions. In this work, we provide evidence of freshwater cold-water cyanobacterial blooms, review abiotic drivers and physiological adaptations leading to these blooms, offer a typology of these lesser-studied cold-water cyanobacterial blooms, and discuss their occurrence under changing climate conditions.
Figure 1. Photos of cold-water cyanobacterial surface scums including: (A) Planktothrix rubescens on the 11th of April 2020 in Lake Stechlin (Photo Credit: HPG, Doris Ilicic); (B) Aphanizomenon sp. on the 31st of October 2018 in Cross Reservoir, Kansas, USA (Photo Credit: TDH); (C) Dolichospermum sp. and Microcystis sp. on the1st of November 2018 in West Campus Lake, Kansas, USA (Photo Credit: TDH); (D) Dolichospermum circinalis and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae on the 1st of December 2020 in Devil's Lake, Wisconsin (Photo Credit: Richard Lathrop); and (E) Aphanizomenon sp. On the 9th of November 2020 in Salmon Lake, Maine (Photo Credit: DJW).
蓝藻水华对淡水生态系统有直接和间接的重大负面影响，包括释放毒素，阻挡其他生物所需的光线，以及消耗氧气。气候变化对蓝藻水华发生的可能促进作用日益引起关注，文献中充分记录了湖泊表层温度升高对蓝藻生长的正向效应，然而，越来越多的证据表明，在相对寒冷的水温(< 15°C)，包括冰雪覆盖的条件下，蓝藻水华也会发生并持续存在。本文提供了淡水冷水蓝藻水华的证据，回顾了导致这些水华的非生物驱动因素和生理适应，提供了这些较少研究的冷水蓝藻水华的类型学，并讨论了它们在不断变化的气候条件下的发生。
