Authors: Alexander M.A. Khan, Ellen Barrowclift, Yi Xu, GiHoon Hong, Noir P. Purba, Buntora Pasaribu, Lantun P. Dewanti, M. Rudyansyah Ismail, Ankiq Taofiqurohman, and Per Berggren
Journal: Journal of Sea Research
Indonesian coastal waters include several marine megafauna biodiversity hotspots. Several fish populations of ecological and socio-economic importance, such as elasmobranchs (sharks and rays), have experienced rapid decline due to unsustainable human activities, primarily overfishing. Small-scale fisheries (SSF) are currently exempt from governmental fisheries management measures despite contributing a significant proportion of a total catch. The Generalised Additive Models were used to investigate the effect of variations in oceanographic parameters of the Teluk Penyu fishing ground, south of central Java, on the magnitude of Mobulidae (Mobula spp.) catch based on its landings data over ten years (2009–2018) from one of Indonesia's largest ports, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia. Mobulidae catch from Teluk Penyu fishing ground was generally higher from June to November when the water exhibited relatively high sea surface salinity (sal >34.1 ‰), chlorophyll (0.32–0.45 mg/m3), and nitrate (nit >0.0045 mg NO3/m3), water speed (>0.29 m/s) and eddy kinetic energy (>0.04 m3/s2) levels, and relatively low sea surface temperature (<28 °C), oxygen (<0.182 mg O2/m3) and sea surface height (<0.9 m) levels than the other months of the year. This study reveals that satellite Earth Observation (EO) data provided a preliminary relationship between oceanographic conditions and the amount of catch for developing more effective management and conservation measures for endangered species like Mobulidae. Utilizing EO data may also be applied to help inform much-needed ecosystem-based management measures, including habitat protection and bycatch reduction for conserving endangered Mobulidae species in the Southeast Indian Ocean. The in-situ onboard ocean observation and temporal species-specific catch data will greatly complement the current work. |
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Fig. 5: GAM plots of the effect of oceanographic variables for sst, ssh, chl, sal, nit, vel, oxy and, kin on monthly Mobulidae landings. The x-axis represents the values of predictor variables (you changed “parameters” to “variables” here and the y-axis shows the results of smoothing the fitted values. The carpet marks on the x-axis represents the values of the observed data points; the solid line indicates the fitted function. The gray area shows 95 % confidence bands. The horizontal line at zero represents no effect and positive effect on Mobulidae landings with predictor variables above the zero-point line. |
